{"id":165776,"date":"2026-02-19T23:24:23","date_gmt":"2026-02-19T22:24:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/?p=165776"},"modified":"2026-02-19T23:24:24","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T22:24:24","slug":"artificial-intelligence-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/artificial-intelligence-definition","title":{"rendered":"Artificial Intelligence : Definition, history and risks"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Artificial intelligence is going to change the world, but it is still misunderstood by many people. Through this file, discover everything you need to know about AI: definition, functioning, history, different categories, case of use and applications&#8230; <\/strong><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:post-content -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is such a vast and revolutionary technology that it is difficult to give a precise definition. It can be considered a branch of computer science, with the goal of <b>creating machines capable of performing tasks<\/b> traditionally requiring human intelligence.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>However, AI is an interdisciplinary science with multiple approaches. Today, Machine Learning and Deep Learning are two techniques used in companies in all industries.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2 id=\"h-what-is-artificial-intelligence\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is Artificial Intelligence ?<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In 1950, mathematician Alan Turing asked himself, &#8220;<strong><em>Can machines think ?<\/em><\/strong>&#8221;&nbsp;In reality, this simple question would change the world.&nbsp;He wrote an article &#8220;<strong>Computing Machinery and Intelligence<\/strong>&#8221; and the resulting &#8220;<strong>Turing Test<\/strong>&#8221; laid the foundations for artificial intelligence, its vision, and its goals.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The goal of artificial intelligence is to answer Turing&#8217;s question affirmatively. Its aim is <strong>to replicate or simulate human intelligence<\/strong> in machines. This is an ambitious goal that raises many questions and is the subject of debate. That is why there is not yet a single definition of artificial intelligence.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The description of &#8220;intelligent machines&#8221; does not explain what artificial intelligence really is or what makes a machine intelligent. To try to solve this problem, <strong>Stuart Russell<\/strong> and <strong>Peter Norvig<\/strong> published a book : <strong><em>&#8220;Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach&#8221;<\/em><\/strong>. In this book, the two experts unite their work on the theme of intelligent agents in machines. According to them, &#8220;AI is the study of agents that receive perceptions of the environment and perform actions&#8221;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>From their perspective, there are four distinct approaches that have historically defined the field of artificial intelligence :&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>Human thought&nbsp;<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>Rational thought&nbsp;<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>Human action<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>Rational action.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The first two approaches are related <strong>to reasoning and thought processing<\/strong>, while the latter two have to do with behavior. In their book, P. Norvig and S. Russell focus primarily on rational agents capable of acting to achieve the best result.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>MIT Professor of Artificial Intelligence Patrick Winston defines AI as <em>&#8220;<strong>constraint-driven algorithms exposed by representations<\/strong> supporting models linking thought, perception, and action\u201d<\/em>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:quote -->\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Another modern definition :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Machines that react to simulations in the way humans do, with <strong>the ability to contemplate, judge, and intend<\/strong>. These systems are <strong>capable of making decisions<\/strong> that normally require a human level of expertise. They have three qualities that constitute the essence of artificial intelligence: intentionality, intelligence, and adaptability. These different definitions may seem abstract and complex. However, they establish Artificial Intelligence as a computer science.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/blockquote>\n<!-- \/wp:quote -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In 2017, during the <strong>Japan AI Experience<\/strong>, DataRobot CEO Jeremy Achin gave his own modern, humorous definition of AI: &#8220;Artificial intelligence is a computer system <strong>capable of performing tasks<\/strong> that normally require human intelligence&#8230; a lot of these AI systems rely on Machine Learning, some on Deep Learning, and some on very boring things like rules&#8221;.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:buttons {\"layout\":{\"type\":\"flex\",\"justifyContent\":\"center\"}} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex is-content-justification-center\"><!-- wp:button -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/liora.io\/formation\/data-ia\/machine-learning-engineer\">Learn to use Machine Learning<\/a><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:button --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:buttons -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h3 id=\"h-what-are-the-uses-of-artificial-intelligence\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the uses of Artificial Intelligence ?<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Artificial intelligence has <strong>several goals<\/strong>, including learning, reasoning and perception. It is used in all industries, from fashion to business, so much so that the applications are infinite and impossible to list exhaustively.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In the <strong>field of health<\/strong>, it is used to develop personalized treatments, discover new drugs, or analyze medical imaging such as X-rays and MRIs. Virtual assistants can also <strong>help patients and remind them<\/strong> to take pills or play sports to stay fit.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The <strong>retail sector<\/strong> uses AI to deliver personalized recommendations and advertising to customers. It also makes it possible to <strong>optimize the layout of products<\/strong> or to better manage inventories.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In <strong>factories<\/strong>, artificial intelligence analyzes IoT equipment data to predict load and demand with Deep Learning. It also allows us to anticipate a possible malfunction to intervene early.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>On the other hand, <strong>Banks exploit AI for fraud prevention<\/strong> and detection purposes. The technology also allows you to check if a customer will be able to pay the credit they request, and <strong>automate data management tasks<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>These are just a few examples of industries using artificial intelligence. As you can see, this revolutionary technology will change all sectors of activity in the coming years\u2026<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2 id=\"h-the-history-of-artificial-intelligence\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The history of Artificial Intelligence<\/h2><!-- wp:image {\"id\":207810,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\"} --><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--columns);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--columns)\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"572\" src=\"https:\/\/liora.io\/app\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/discussion-meeting-office-1-1024x572.jpg\" alt=\"Two professionals discussing around a table, with a laptop and documents.\" class=\"wp-image-207810\" srcset=\"https:\/\/liora.io\/app\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/discussion-meeting-office-1-1024x572.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/liora.io\/app\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/discussion-meeting-office-1-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/liora.io\/app\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/discussion-meeting-office-1-768x429.jpg 768w, https:\/\/liora.io\/app\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/discussion-meeting-office-1-1536x857.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/liora.io\/app\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/discussion-meeting-office-1-2048x1143.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/liora.io\/app\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/discussion-meeting-office-1-440x246.jpg 440w, https:\/\/liora.io\/app\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/discussion-meeting-office-1-785x438.jpg 785w, https:\/\/liora.io\/app\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/discussion-meeting-office-1-210x117.jpg 210w, https:\/\/liora.io\/app\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2026\/02\/discussion-meeting-office-1-115x64.jpg 115w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><!-- \/wp:image -->\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The <b>history of artificial intelligence<\/b> began in 1943 with the publication of the article \u201c<i>A Logical Calculus of Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity<\/i>\u201d by <b>Warren McCullough<\/b> and <b>Walter Pitts<\/b>. In this paper, the scientists present the first mathematical model for the creation of a neural network.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>The first neural network computer, <b>Snarc<\/b>, was created in 1950 by two Harvard students: Marvin Minsky and Dean Edmonds. That same year, <b>Alan Turing<\/b> published the Turing Test, which is still used today to evaluate AI.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In 1952, Arthur Samuel created software <b>capable of learning to play chess<\/b> autonomously. The term artificial intelligence will be used for the first time at the Dartmouth <b>Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence conference<\/b> by John McCarthy in 1956. During this event, researchers present the goals and vision of AI. Many see this conference as <b>the true birth of artificial intelligence<\/b> as it is known today.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In 1959, Arthur Samuel invented the term <a href=\"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/machine-learning-what-is-it-and-why-does-it-change-the-world\">Machine Learning<\/a> by working at IBM. John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky founded the MIT Artificial Intelligence Project. In 1963, John McCarthy also created the <b>AI Lab<\/b> at Stanford University.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In the following years, doubt will put a chill on the field of AI. In 1966, the ALPAC report highlighted the <b>lack of progress in machine translation<\/b> research aimed at translating Russian language instantly in a cold war context. Many U.S. government-funded projects will be canceled.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Similarly, in 1973, the British government published its report \u201c<b><i>Lighthill<\/i><\/b>\u201d highlighting the disappointments of AI research. Once again, budget cuts cut research projects. This period of doubt will last until 1980, and is now termed the \u201cfirst winter of AI\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>This winter will end with the <b>creation of R1 (XCON)<\/b> by Digital Equipment Corporations. This commercial expert system is designed to <b>configure orders for new computer systems<\/b>, and causes a real investment boom that will continue for more than a decade.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Unfortunately, the machine market &nbsp; \u201c<b>Lisp<\/b>\u201d&nbsp; collapsed in 1987 due to the appearance of cheaper alternatives. This is the \u201c<b>second winter of AI<\/b> \u201c. Companies are losing interest in expert systems. The American and Japanese governments are abandoning their research projects, and billions of dollars have been <b>spent for nothing<\/b>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ten years later, in 1997, the history of AI was marked by a major event. IBM\u2019s <b>IA Deep Blue<\/b> triumphs over world chess champion <b>Gary Kasparov<\/b>. For the first time, man is defeated by the machine.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:embed {\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=NJarxpYyoFI\",\"type\":\"video\",\"providerNameSlug\":\"youtube\",\"responsive\":true,\"className\":\"wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\",\"style\":{\"spacing\":{\"margin\":{\"top\":\"var:preset|spacing|columns\",\"bottom\":\"var:preset|spacing|columns\"}}}} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n  <div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Deep Blue beat G. Kasparov in 1997\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NJarxpYyoFI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n  <\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:embed -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ten years later, technological advances are enabling a <strong>renewal of artificial intelligence<\/strong>. In 2008, Google made tremendous progress in speech recognition and launched this feature in its smartphone apps.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In 2012, <strong>Andrew Ng<\/strong> fed a neural network with 10 million YouTube videos as a training data set. Through Deep Learning, this neural network learns to recognize a cat without being taught what a cat is. This is the beginning of a <strong>new era for <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/courses\/data-ai\/deep-learning\">Deep Learning<\/a>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Another AI win over the Man in 2016, with Google DeepMind\u2019s AlphaGo system winning over Go\u2019s champion Lee Sedol. Artificial intelligence also conquers the field of video games, including DeepMind AlphaStar on Starcraft or OpenAI Five on Dota 2.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/unraveling-machine-learning-vs-deep-learning-key-differences-explained\">Deep Learning and Machine Learning<\/a> are now used by companies in all industries for a multitude of applications. AI continues to grow and surprise with its performance. <strong>The dream of general artificial intelligence<\/strong> is getting closer and closer to reality\u2026<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2 id=\"h-general-ai-vs-specialized-ai\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">General AI vs Specialized AI<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>General artificial intelligence is a type of AI that is capable of <strong>performing a wide range of tasks<\/strong>, rather than being limited to a specific set of functions. It is also referred to as &#8220;strong AI&#8221; or &#8220;human-level AI.&#8221; In theory, a general AI system would be able <strong>to perform any intellectual task that a human being can<\/strong>, such as understanding natural language, learning, planning, and problem-solving.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Thus, the creation of a general AI remains for the moment the \u201cHoly Grail\u201d of AI researchers. It is an ambitious quest, but full of pitfalls. Despite technical advances, it remains very difficult to design a machine with <strong>complete cognitive abilities<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Specialized artificial intelligence (AI), on the other hand, is <strong>designed to perform a specific task or a set of tasks<\/strong>. It is also known as &#8220;narrow AI,&#8221; &#8220;weak AI,&#8221; or &#8220;task-specific AI.&#8221; For example, a specialized AI system could be trained to recognize objects in images, translate text from one language to another, or <strong>play chess at a high level<\/strong> (<a href=\"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/all-about-deep-blue\">IBM\u2019s IA Deep Blue<\/a>). Specialized AI systems are currently <strong>more common<\/strong> than general AI systems, as they can be trained to perform specific tasks with a high degree of accuracy.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>However, even if such a machine may seem intelligent, it is much <strong>more limited than human intelligence<\/strong>. This is only an imitation of the latter.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Examples include <strong>Google\u2019s web search engine<\/strong>, image recognition software, virtual assistants like Apple Siri or Amazon Alexa, <strong>autonomous vehicles<\/strong>, and software like IBM Watson.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:buttons {\"layout\":{\"type\":\"flex\",\"justifyContent\":\"center\"}} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex is-content-justification-center\"><!-- wp:button -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"\/en\/courses\/data-ai\/\">Discover Liora courses<\/a><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:button --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:buttons -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h3 id=\"h-machine-learning-and-deep-learning-what-differentiates\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Machine Learning and Deep Learning : What differentiates ?<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Machine learning and Deep Learning are <strong>the two main artificial intelligence techniques<\/strong> currently used. The distinction between Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning can be confusing.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>In reality, <strong>Artificial Intelligence<\/strong> can be defined as <strong>a set of algorithms and techniques<\/strong> aimed at imitating human intelligence., and deep learning is a machine learning technique. Machine learning is a category of AI and involves feeding a computer with data. Machine Learning uses analysis techniques on this data to &#8220;learn&#8221; how to perform a task.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>To do this, it does not need to be specifically programmed using millions of lines of code. This is why it is referred to as <strong>&#8220;automatic learning&#8221;<\/strong>. Machine learning can be &#8220;supervised&#8221; or &#8220;unsupervised.&#8221; <strong>Supervised learning<\/strong> is based on labeled data sets, while <strong>unsupervised learning<\/strong> is done using unlabeled data sets.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Deep Learning is <strong>a type of machine learning<\/strong> that is directly inspired by the architecture of human brain neurons. An artificial neural network is composed of <strong>multiple layers<\/strong> through which data is processed. This allows the machine to &#8220;deepen&#8221; its learning by <strong>identifying connections<\/strong> and altering ingested data to <strong>achieve the best results<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2 id=\"h-the-dangers-of-artificial-intelligence\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The dangers of Artificial Intelligence<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Artificial intelligence holds many promises for humanity\u2026 but it could also pose a more <strong>dangerous threat<\/strong> than the nuclear bomb.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>&#8221; Through its ability to learn and evolve autonomously, AI could one day surpass human intelligence. It could then decide to turn against its creators &#8221; .<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>This grim omen may seem like a science fiction film, but it is <strong>a real possibility<\/strong>. Eminent experts have already sounded the alarm about artificial intelligence, like Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk or Bill Gates.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>They see AI as <strong>an imminent and inevitable risk<\/strong> for years to come. That is why they are calling on governments to regulate this area so that it develops ethically and securely. More than 100 experts also called on the United Nations to ban \u201ckiller robots\u201d and other autonomous military weapons.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>However, other experts believe that the future of artificial intelligence depends solely on <strong>how humans choose to use it<\/strong>. Even seemingly harmless AI could be misused and misused. We can already see this with the rise of <a href=\"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/deepfake-a-dangerous-tool-on-the-rise\">&#8220;DeepFakes&#8221;<\/a>: fake videos created through Deep Learning to stage a person in a compromising situation.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Artificial intelligence will continue to develop rapidly over the next few years. It is up to humanity to choose which direction this development will take\u2026<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:embed {\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=XVS4Iw8zc88\",\"type\":\"video\",\"providerNameSlug\":\"youtube\",\"responsive\":true,\"className\":\"wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\",\"style\":{\"spacing\":{\"margin\":{\"top\":\"var:preset|spacing|columns\",\"bottom\":\"var:preset|spacing|columns\"}}}} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n  <div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Is Artificial Intelligence (AI) dangerous?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XVS4Iw8zc88?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n  <\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:embed -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>You know all about artificial intelligence. Now discover our complete dossier on <a href=\"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/data-science-definition-issues-and-use-cases\">Data Science<\/a>, and take a closer look at <a href=\"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/machine-learning-what-is-it-and-why-does-it-change-the-world\">Machine Learning<\/a>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:buttons {\"layout\":{\"type\":\"flex\",\"justifyContent\":\"center\"}} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex is-content-justification-center\"><!-- wp:button -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"\/en\/courses\/data-ai\/\">Discover Liora courses<\/a><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:button --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:buttons -->\n\n<!-- wp:html -->\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n  \"mainEntity\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019intelligence artificielle ?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Selon John McCarthy, l\u2019un des pionniers du domaine, c\u2019est \u00ab la science et l\u2019ing\u00e9nierie de la fabrication de machines intelligentes \u00bb. L\u2019intelligence artificielle (IA) est un domaine de l\u2019informatique qui cherche \u00e0 cr\u00e9er des syst\u00e8mes capables de r\u00e9aliser des t\u00e2ches qui n\u00e9cessiteraient normalement l\u2019intelligence humaine. Cependant, l\u2019IA est souvent consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme un concept vaste et multidimensionnel, difficile \u00e0 d\u00e9finir pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment en raison de sa nature \u00e9tendue et en constante \u00e9volution. Par exemple, des technologies allant des simples algorithmes de recommandation utilis\u00e9s par Netflix aux syst\u00e8mes complexes de conduite autonome d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s par des entreprises comme Tesla, sont tous consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme de l\u2019IA. Cette diversit\u00e9 rend le domaine \u00e0 la fois fascinant et \u00e9nigmatique, avec des d\u00e9finitions qui \u00e9voluent au fur et \u00e0 mesure que la technologie progresse.\" \n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Qui est le cr\u00e9ateur de l\u2019intelligence artificielle ?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"L\u2019histoire de l\u2019intelligence artificielle d\u00e9bute en 1943, avec la publication de l\u2019article \u00ab A Logical Calculus of Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity \u00bb par Warren McCullough et Walter Pitts. Dans ce document, les scientifiques pr\u00e9sentent le premier mod\u00e8le math\u00e9matique pour la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un r\u00e9seau de neurones. En 1950, Snarc, le premier ordinateur \u00e0 r\u00e9seau de neurones, sera cr\u00e9\u00e9 par deux \u00e9tudiants de Harvard : Marvin Minsky et Dean Edmonds. La m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, Alan Turing publie le Turing Test qui sert encore pour \u00e9valuer les IA. De ce test d\u00e9coulent les fondations de l\u2019intelligence artificielle, de sa vision et de ses objectifs : r\u00e9pliquer ou simuler l\u2019intelligence humaine dans les machines.\" \n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"D\u2019o\u00f9 vient le terme intelligence artificielle ?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Mais ce n\u2019est qu\u2019en 1956, que le terme intelligence artificielle sera prononc\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois, durant la conf\u00e9rence \u00ab Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence \u00bb de John McCarthy, consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le principal pionnier du domaine. Lors de cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement, les chercheurs pr\u00e9sentent les objectifs et la vision de l\u2019IA. Beaucoup consid\u00e8rent cette conf\u00e9rence comme la v\u00e9ritable naissance de l\u2019intelligence artificielle telle qu\u2019elle est connue aujourd\u2019hui. Plusieurs ann\u00e9es s\u2019\u00e9coulent et les travaux sur l\u2019intelligence artificielle continuent. En 1959, Arthur Samuel invente le terme de Machine Learning en travaillant chez IBM. En 1989, le fran\u00e7ais Yann Le Cun met au point le premier r\u00e9seau de neurones capable de reconna\u00eetre des chiffres \u00e9crits \u00e0 la main, cette invention sera \u00e0 l\u2019origine du d\u00e9veloppement du Deep Learning. Et c\u2019est dix ans plus tard, en 1997, qu\u2019un \u00e9v\u00e9nement majeur marque l\u2019histoire de l\u2019IA : le syst\u00e8me Deep Blue d\u2019IBM triomphe du champion du monde d\u2019\u00e9checs Gary Kasparov.\" \n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Comment fonctionne une intelligence artificielle ?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Le fonctionnement d\u2019une intelligence artificielle repose sur des algorithmes complexes capables de traiter d\u2019\u00e9normes quantit\u00e9s de donn\u00e9es pour imiter des comportements humains. Les syst\u00e8mes d\u2019IA se basent sur le machine learning et le deep learning pour s\u2019am\u00e9liorer en continu \u00e0 partir des informations qu\u2019ils re\u00e7oivent. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des r\u00e9seaux neuronaux artificiels, une IA peut apprendre des relations entre les donn\u00e9es d\u2019entr\u00e9e et les sorties attendues, ajuster ses param\u00e8tres internes et am\u00e9liorer sa pr\u00e9cision. Ce processus, connu sous le nom de backpropagation, est crucial pour l\u2019\u00e9volution de la performance des mod\u00e8les d\u2019intelligence artificielle.\" \n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}\n<\/script>\n<!-- \/wp:html -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Artificial intelligence is going to change the world, but it is still misunderstood by many people. Through this file, discover everything you need to know about AI: definition, functioning, history, different categories, case of use and applications&#8230; Artificial intelligence (AI) is such a vast and revolutionary technology that it is difficult to give a precise [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":207814,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"editor_notices":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2433],"class_list":["post-165776","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-data-ai"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165776","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/82"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=165776"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165776\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":207881,"href":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165776\/revisions\/207881"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/207814"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=165776"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/liora.io\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=165776"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}